David Danced Naked?

Our Bible study last night reminded me of an awkward interaction at camp when a worship leader emphasised David's joyful abandon in worshipping God when the Ark of God was brought into Jerusalem.  "He was so caught up in worship, he was dancing naked."  He looked at me to affirm the truth he claimed.  "He was naked, right?"  Actually, no:  David was not dancing in the nude.  The Bible passages say clearly he was wearing fine linen and a linen ephod, similar to what the priests or Levites wore (2 Samuel 6:14; 1 Chron. 15:7).  The idea of David being naked is likely based on the snide comments of Michal, David's wife, about David being "uncovered," which was to say he was not wearing his royal robes.  She was offended because she viewed his behaviour as immodest and inappropriate as a king.  Thinking someone should "cover up" does not assume total nudity.

The worship leader's comments about David dancing naked in public made me quite uncomfortable, for what was the purpose or application of this emphasis?  An encouragement for the true worshippers of God to strip down naked during the worship set?  God forbid!  God was the one who clothed Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden, and He also designed clothing for the priests and Levites to wear in His presence.  Since the Law of God forbade steps leading to an altar lest the priest be upskirted and his nakedness seen (Exodus 20:26), how can anyone claim public nudity is acceptable in the praise of God?  To suggest David danced naked dismisses the plain reading of the text, and to say stripping naked in worship is a worthy indignity has absolutely no place in scripture or in the practice of God's people.  This obscene practice marked wild, unrestrained pagan rituals and idol worship , and it is a sinful action God-fearing people ought to condemn.

The tendency to follow the lead of other people--by repeating an interpretation of the Bible or following a pattern set by others--is found in this text.  It was good David was moved to bring the Ark of the Covenant into Jerusalem, the city where God put His everlasting name.  But David made a grave error by not seeking the LORD nor digging into God's Law to determine the proper order.  The Ark was transported from the house of Abinadab by Uzzah and Ahio on a new cart pulled by oxen when God commanded it be carried aloft with poles by sanctified Levites (1 Chron. 15:11-15).  Did you know there is only one occasion previously when the Ark was transported by an ox cart?  This was how the Philistines returned the cart to Israel in Beth-Shemesh after capturing it (1 Samuel 6)!  Without consideration of what God's word actually said, David and all Israel were led into sin that had deadly consequences.

When Uzzah reached out to steady the Ark, the wrath of God was kindled and he was struck dead.  This was a shock to David, the 30,000 choice men who had been selected to parade the Ark to Jerusalem, and all who witnessed it.  David's immediate response was anger and fear.  But during the following 3 months, the death of Uzzah prompted David to dive into God's word where he read of the proper order God established to transport the Ark of God.  Reading God's Law and putting it into practice led to the safe transport of the Ark to Jerusalem, indescribable joy as David danced with all his might before the LORD, and the presentation of a new song of worship to God by David.  Tragedy borne of sin was redeemed by God to draw David and His people to Himself, and it resulted in the (fully clothed!) worship, praise and a closer relationship with God.

Known By Judgment

"The LORD is known by the judgment He executes; the wicked is snared in the work of his own hands. Meditation. Selah"

Psalm 9:16

I have been meditating on this verse lately, thinking about God's judgments according to His righteousness.  Though He is absolutely just, He remains gracious, compassionate and full of mercy.  His desire is not to destroy but to draw people to Himself to be delivered and saved from sin and death.  God's judgments are inescapable, yet He provides sure deliverance for all who trust in Him.

The LORD is known to be sovereign over all creation because He judged the whole earth with the great flood.  He observed humanity, not only their wicked deeds, but how the imaginations of their hearts was only evil continually (Genesis 6:5).  He did not spring the coming judgment upon unsuspecting people without warning, but explained what was coming through Noah who built the ark and was a preacher of righteousness (2 Peter 2:5).  God followed through on exactly what He said He would do, and that world that perished in the deluge.

God is known by His ability to do the miraculous by bringing 10 severe plagues upon Egypt.  After many warnings by Moses and Aaron, Pharaoh hardened his heart and refused to let the children of Israel go from bondage.  God made clear the 10th plague would affect every household as is written in Exodus 12:12:  "For I will pass through the land of Egypt on that night, and will strike all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment: I am the LORD."  Those who refused to believe God invited death into their households, and the Egyptian idols were powerless to protect or save people from the consequences of unbelief.

The almighty God is known to be powerful over heaven and earth by suddenly rained fire and brimstone upon Sodom and the surrounding cities for their wickedness.  God came down and spoke with Abraham, revealing that the cry of Sodom was great and reached up to heaven.  Judgment came in a moment for Sodom's iniquity (Lamentations 4:6) so escape was impossible.  After the flood God promised He would never again destroy the world with water, and has held back judgment that will one day come upon this world with fire as spoken in 2 Peter 3:7:  "But the heavens and the earth which are now preserved by the same word, are reserved for fire until the day of judgment and perdition of ungodly men."  The LORD has shown Himself sovereign, able and powerful to do exactly as He has said.

One thing all these severe judgments have in common is God preserved a remnant of people who trusted in Him.  Though the flood was global, the plagues widespread and fire raining down on Sodom instantly, God preserved those who believed and obeyed Him.  In every case, all who trusted God were saved.  Noah, his family and animals were saved from the flood.  The Hebrews were spared from plagues in the land of Goshen, their firstborn was spared by putting the blood of the Passover sacrifice on the doorposts of their homes, and they passed safely through the Red Sea on dry land whilst the Egyptians drowned. Lot was taken by the hand by angels who led him with his family out of Sodom before it was utterly consumed.  In all these judgments is seen God's grace, compassion and salvation for those who fear Him.

God is known by the judgment He executes, and the wicked are ensnared by their own hands.  God does not trick or entrap people because He desires their destruction, for man is the one responsible for his own sin God will hold to account.  Because God loves sinners, He sent His only begotten Son Jesus to provide atonement for sin, to die on the cross so those ensnared and enslaved by sin could be set free and saved from the wrath to come.  God's righteous justice has been satisfied by the death of Jesus, for the wages of sin is death.  The gift of God is eternal life given by our Saviour who is risen from the dead and will one day return to judge the world in righteousness.  The wise know God by judgment He executes, and thus bow the knee in reverence before Jesus Christ as KING OF KINGS--the God who alone saves.

Lifting Up the Horn

"'I said to the boastful, 'Do not deal boastfully,' and to the wicked, 'Do not lift up the horn. ⁵ Do not lift up your horn on high; do not speak with a stiff neck.'"

Psalm 75:4-5

What goes up must come down, the cliche goes, and and those who are lifted up with pride God can easily bring low.  On the other hand, those who humble themselves God will exalt.  The Bible is filled with examples that illustrate God's ability to bring low the proud whether it be king Saul, king Nebuchadnezzar, Haman--or even Satan himself.  Asaph urged people not to be proud or boastful when they were promoted or advanced in stature, for he remarked in Psalm 75:6-7:  "For exaltation comes neither from the east nor from the west nor from the south. ⁷ But God is the Judge: He puts down one, and exalts another."  One distinction between God and all other judges is He is perfectly just and remains gracious and merciful.  Sometimes there is no justice possible from earthly courts, and the judgments of men according to law can lack mercy and compassion.

In the book of Ruth, Haman was a man who boasted greatly about his high-ranking position, and he gathered family and friends to speak of his frequent access to royalty and the power bestowed upon him by his king.  It was in this lofty role he was arrogant, proud and despised those he viewed as below him--people like Mordecai the Jew.  When Mordecai did not bow or give him reverence when Haman sauntered past, Haman was incensed and decided to use his power to annihilate all the Jewish people.  He made a massive gallows with the sole purpose of hanging Mordecai, yet when his wicked scheme was uncovered the haughty Haman was brought low.  He was publicly hung on the gallows, and all Shushan could see Haman's meteoric fall from grace when he was executed high in the sky.

Haman was a man who lifted the horn in pride to his own destruction, even as an ox uses his strength to thrust with horns and inflict damage.  Bull calves are not born with horns, but they grow as they mature and gain strength.  Under Mosaic Law, if an ox gored a person to death, the ox would be stoned and the flesh not eaten.  The owner would bear the loss of his valued working animal for the damage it had done.  Exodus 21:29 says, "But if the ox tended to thrust with its horn in times past, and it has been made known to his owner, and he has not kept it confined, so that it has killed a man or a woman, the ox shall be stoned and its owner also shall be put to death."  The implication is if an ox was known to be a danger to people because it aggressively lifted the horn, the owner needed to take all precautions to protect people by removing the horns, keeping the animal in a fenced paddock, or if all means failed it would become food for the next BBQ.  The meat would be eaten, and the hide of a stiff-necked ox that refused to heed commands and lifted the horn would be made into leather goods like saddles and sandals--objects that would be sat or walked on.  In some cases a dangerous ox could be more valuable and useful to the owner dead than alive.

Our strength, status or roles that men pride themselves in are the very things which ought to humble the child of God, knowing we are chosen and blessed by God's grace.  Should the LORD grant us horns like a mature bull, we must be wise and gentle in our use of them.  Balaam chose to ride a donkey that was faithful and dependable, one that humbly responded to his guidance by a light tug on a rope.  In a similar fashion, we are called by Jesus to take His yoke upon us and to learn from His example of meekness and lowliness.  Rather than having a stiff neck and refusing instruction, we ought to humble ourselves to yield to God's guidance without the need of bit, bridle or whip.  Knowing we are called to a relationship with the living God ought to humble us rather than puff us up with pride.  Psalm 65:4 reads, "Blessed is the man You choose, and cause to approach You, that he may dwell in Your courts. We shall be satisfied with the goodness of Your house, of Your holy temple."  How humbling it is to know as Christians we are the temple of the Holy Spirit who dwells in us, and our satisfaction ought to be in God rather than ourselves or our promotion.

The Proverbs 31...Husband?

In Proverbs 31, Lemuel described a virtuous wife whose value to her husband and family was far greater than precious stones.  Many women have made the industrious qualities of this woman an inspiration to live up to, and others feel inadequate as they consider her superhuman work ethic.  Because this is written generally of "a virtuous woman," I do not believe all these specific skills or qualities are necessary to be considered virtuous.  At the same time, the praiseworthy description ought to inspire women (and men too!) to use their God-given talents to serve God and others in the roles He has called us to.

A virtuous wife is a blessing to her husband as it is written in Proverbs 31:11-12:  "The heart of her husband safely trusts her; so he will have no lack of gain. ¹² She does him good and not evil all the days of her life."  The chaste, morally upright and active wife is marked by industry.  She takes initiative and prepares for the future.  She cares and provides for the needs of others, especially those of her own household.  This wife is savvy to earn money and brings prosperity, and she is governed by wisdom and kindness in what she says and does.  Rather than giving place to idleness, she excels in all she puts her hands to do.  Her domestic skills and talents are profitable beyond her home, and her husband and children praise her in Proverbs 31:28-29:  "Her children rise up and call her blessed; her husband also, and he praises her: ²⁹ "Many daughters have done well, but you excel them all."

What struck me as I consider this passage is how many virtuous wives have been hindered from reaching their full stature because of a domineering and untrusting husband.  As intimidating as the description of a virtuous woman is for women, it can also unsettle men.  It requires faith in God for a husband to trust his wife to take initiative as described in Proverbs 31:16:  "She considers a field and buys it; from her profits she plants a vineyard."  Husband, would you trust your wife and approve of her making major financial decisions?  It is possible for a husband and a wife to take initiative in a complementary marriage relationship, and this requires mutual submission before the LORD and one another.  Speaking from the perspective of a husband of a virtuous wife, I can attest how the LORD has used her industry and labour to bring immeasurable profit to our marriage, family and home that would never have existed without her drive, wisdom and foresight.

Proverbs 31:25 reads, "Strength and honour are her clothing; she shall rejoice in time to come."  The strength of the virtuous woman is not derived from her independence but by submission to the LORD and her husband she respects.  A wife is made strong when her husband loves her like Jesus does the church, and God's sacrificial, active love makes her to thrive in her role.  The future of a virtuous wife is rejoicing, for her husband and children will rise and call her blessed.  The passage concludes with Proverbs 31:30-31:  "Charm is deceitful and beauty is passing, but a woman who fears the LORD, she shall be praised. ³¹ Give her of the fruit of her hands, and let her own works praise her in the gates."  It is one thing to be praised by your husband and children, but how much greater it is to hear "Well done!" from our LORD Jesus in His presence forever!  Since our LORD will praise us for a life well lived, the husband of a virtuous wife ought to honour her publicly and reward her with praise.